Open Questions: Learning and Memory

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Introduction

Synaptic plasticity

Long-term potentiation


Recommended references: Web sites

Recommended references: Magazine/journal articles

Recommended references: Books

Introduction



Recommended references: Web sites

Site indexes

Galaxy: Memory
Categorized site directory. Entries usually include descriptive annotations.


Sites with general resources

University of Michigan Cognition and Aging Laboratory
A research facility directed by Denise Park, dealing with basic behavioral cognitive processes, cognitive neuroscience, culture and cognition, cognitive aging and medicine, and social cognition.


Surveys, overviews, tutorials

Memory
Detailed encyclopedia article on memory from the philosophical point of view, with many bibliographic citations and a few external links.
Glutamate Receptors - Structures and Functions
Somewhat technical overview of receptors for L-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in central nervous system.
Neural Basis of Spatial Memory
Good semi-technical overview.
Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
A ScienceWeek "symposium" consisting of excerpts and summaries of articles from various sources.
Human Memory: What It Is and How to Improve It
Overviews and external links provided by Silvia Helena Cardoso.
In Search of Memory
Based on a 1999 documentary broadcast by Canada's CBC. TV-level presentation of information on memory, with some external links.
Brain Plasticity: What Is It?
A page from the site called Neuroscience for Kids. Discusses relation of brain plasticity to learning and memory and provides useful references and external links.
Human Memory
Very brief overview by Harish Kotbagi.
The Aging Mind
An article by Denise Park on changes that occur in aging with respect to memory and other cognitive functions.
Erasing Memories
November 2005 Scientific American sidebar, subtitled "Long-term memories, particularly bad ones, could be dissolved if certain drugs are administered at just the right moment during recall."
Strangely Familiar
March 2005 Scientific American sidebar, subtitled "Researchers are starting to pin down what déjà vu is and why it arises. But have you read this already? Maybe you just can't remember."
Stressed-Out Memories
November 2004 Scientific American sidebar by Robert M. Sapolsky, subtitled "A little stress sharpens memory. But after prolonged stress, the mental picture isn't pretty."
Unmaking Memories: Interview with James McGaugh
December 2003 Scientific American In Focus article, subtitled "In the sci-fi thriller Paycheck, an engineer has his memory erased after completing a sensitive job. Scientific American.com spoke with a leading neurobiologist to find out just how close scientists are to controlling recall."
Glia Cells Help Neurons Build Synapses
January 2001 Scientific American news article about how astrocytes control the number of synapses neurons can form with each other.
Tetris Dreams
October 2000 Scientific American In Focus article, subtitled "How and when people see pieces from the computer game in their sleep tells of the role dreaming plays in learning."
Where Memories Are Made
September 26, 2000 news article from Scientific American, on research that studied brain activation during recall.
Down Memory Limbo
August 2000 Scientific American In Focus article, subtitled "New research shows that between fear and recall lies a no-man's-land where long-term memories can vanish."
Making Smart Mice
September 1999 article from Scientific American Explorations on work of Joe Tsien to improve memory in mice by genetic manipulation.


Recommended references: Magazine/journal articles

The Memory Code
Joe Z. Tsien
Scientific American, July 2007
Inside the Mind of a Savant
Darold A. Treffert; Daniel D. Christensen
Scientific American, December 2005
Making Memories Stick
R. Douglas Fields
Scientific American, February 2005
Building a Branier Mouse
Joe Z. Tsien
Scientific American, April 2000, pp. 62-68
Genetic engineering experiments on mice have succeeded in producing "smarter" mice. The effect is achieved by altering the operation of synaptic NMDA receptors, implying the role that such receptors play in memory formation.


Recommended references: Books

A. R. Luria - The Mind of a Mnemonist: A Little Book about a Vast Memory
Basic Books, 1968
Classic case study of a man with an exceptionally retentive memory. Luria studied the subject, identified only as "S.", for 30 years. Many particulars of the remarkable memory are described, along with the disadvantages, but ultimately the explanation of the subject's ability remains elusive.
[Annotations]

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