Open Questions: Intelligence
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See also: Thinking, reasoning, and logic --
Creativity and problem solving --
Artificial intelligence
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If sex evolved so that your children are not condemned to be just like you,
intelligence evolved so that you are not condemned to be just like yourself.
Alison Jolly
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Introduction
Site indexes
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Galaxy: Intelligence
- Categorized site directory. Entries usually include
descriptive annotations.
More
here.
Sites with general resources
Surveys, overviews, tutorials
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Reflections on Multiple Intelligences: Myths and Messages
- Article by Howard Gardner, who originially published his
theory of "multiple intelligences" in 1983. The article deals
with misunderstandings that Gardner believes have arisen about
the theory.
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Multiple Mathematical Intelligences
- A brief article which points out that even mathematical
intelligence is not a single thing, but comes in different forms.
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Intelligence Considered
- November 1998 feature article from a special issue of Scientific
American, by Philip Yam, subtitled "What does it mean to have
brainpower? A search for a definition of intelligence".
- Essence of g
Bruce Bower
Science News, February 8, 2003, pp. 92-93
- The search continues for the biological bases of general
intelligence, but even the proper definition of intelligence
remains uncertain.
[References]
- Why Are You So Smart?
Karen Wright
Discover, October, 1999, pp. 40-42
- Genetic researcher Robert Plomin has begun to identify
specific genes that seem to correlate with IQ scores.
- The Genetics of Cognitive Abilities and Disabilities
Robert Plomin; John C. DeFries
Scientific American, May 1998, pp. 62-69
- Studies of identical and fraternal twins and of adopted
children have attempted to determine the relative importance of
environmental and hereditary factors in verbal and spacial
abilities. It appears that about half of the observed variation
is genetically based.
- What Are Intelligence? And Why?
Randall Davis
AI Magazine, Spring 1998, pp. 91-110
- The title of this article makes the point that
"intelligence" is many things, both conceptually and in
implementation. Intelligence can be considered from several points
of view, such as the logical and the psychological. As a product
of evolution, different components of intelligence have come
about for a variety of purposes. Behavior that can be called
"intelligent" is not limited to humans. AI can be regarded as
the study of the design space of possible forms of intelligence.
As a science, AI may be more like biology, which tries to understand
diverse phenomena, than like mathematics, which tries to
extrapolate from a limited set of general principles. One kind
of reasoning that needs to be studied more closely is visual
or perceptual rather than logical in nature.
[Article in PDF format]
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Rising Scores on Intelligence Tests
Ulric Neisser
American Scientist, September-October 1997, pp. 440-447
- Average scores on a variety of standard
intelligence tests have been rising world wide ever since such
tests were invented. What this means for the concept of
intelligence is as important as specific causes.
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The Role of Intelligence in Modern Society
Earl Hunt
American Scientist, July-August 1995, pp. 356-368
- There are still raging debates over whether there is such a thing
as general intelligence, what it might be, and the degree to
which it is heritable. Answers to these questions have imporant
social implications.
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Copyright © 2002 by Charles Daney, All Rights Reserved